Credit: Original article published here.Kidney stone disease has an estimated prevalence of 8%-9%, and is associated with substantial rates of recurrence. While not completely understood, both genetic and environmental factors are known to be associated with the formation of kidney stones. Major international guidelines on the diagnostic workup and clinical management of patients with kidney stones emphasize the use of metabolic evaluation, including 24-hour urine collection to determine parameters that include volume, pH, calcium, oxalate, citrate, uric acid, potassium and magnesium. However, according to Pietro Manuel Ferraro, MD, MSc, PhD, and colleagues, there are conflicting data regarding actual implementation of 24-hour urine collections. In addition to imprecision and incompleteness, collecting urine throughout the day is perceived as being impractical and difficult to perform in clinical practice. The researchers conducted an analysis to assess the performance of spot urine measurement to estimate 24-hour excretion in patients with kidney stones. Results of the analysis were reported in Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation [2022;37(11):2171-2179]. The study recruited 74 adult patients ≥18 years of age with urinary stone disease from two centers (BioHealth Italia, Torino, Italy, [n=54] and Tufts University School of Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA, [n=20]) from October 2013 to September 2014.