Credit: Original article published here.Up to 38% of patients with end-stage renal disease experience cognitive impairment. The risk for developing neurocognitive impairment is increased in patients on maintenance hemodialysis and is associated with increases in disease progression and recovery time. Patients who are referred to evaluation for placement on the kidney transplant waitlist may or may not be referred to neurocognitive evaluation (NCE). Barcenia Morgan, MD, and colleagues at the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, conducted a retrospective cohort study to examine the discrepancies between referred and nonreferred patients in waitlist placement rates, transition time from initial evaluation to waitlist, and selection for transplant surgery. The researchers reported results of the study during a poster session at the National Kidney Foundation Spring Clinical Meetings 2023 in a poster titled Renal Transplant Transition Rates After Neurocognitive Evaluation in ESRD. The study cohort included 1719 patients evaluated for kidney transplant from January 2015 to December 2019 at a single center. The cohort was divided into two groups: (1) 155 patients who were referred for NCE prior to consideration for renal transplant and (2) 1564 patients who were not referred for NCE. The researchers compared outcomes between the two groups, including